在xml开发,数据库开发,w3c的规范文档中出现最多的一个单词是schema,其翻译过来的意思是:模式,计划,图解,概要.但在开发过程中, 个人感觉它似乎还有模板,语言规范,方案的意思.所以仔细的查了一下,在wiki当中有很详细的说明:The word schema comes from the Greek word “σχήμα” (skhēma), which means shape, or more generally, plan.原文如下:

The word schema comes from the Greek word “σχήμα” (skhēma), which means shape, or more generally, plan. The plural is “σχήματα” (skhēmata). In English, both schemas and schemata are used as plural forms.

Schema may refer to:

• Model (abstract)

• Diagram

  • Schematic, a diagram that represents the elements of a system using abstract, graphic symbols
    In computer science:

• XML schema, a way to define the structure, content and, to some extent, the semantics of XML documents

• Database schema
• Schema (genetic algorithms), a set of programs or bit strings that have some genotypic similarity ; usually specified by a template

• Axiom schema, a rule describing a set of statements in formal logic
  In science:

• Schema (Kant), in philosophy the referencing of a category to a sense impression through time

• Schema (psychology), a mental set or representation
• Image schema, a recurring pattern of spatial sensory experience

• SCHEMA (bioinformatics), an algorithm used in protein engineering to identify fragments of proteins that can be recombined without disturbing the integrity of the proteins’ three-dimensional structure
  In Electrical Engineering:

• Electrical schematic, a wiring diagram of an electrical circuit
  Schema may also refer to:

• Great Schema, a degree of Orthodox monasticism

• Stereotype, a set of associated behaviors
  schema来自希腊语”σχήμα” (skhēma),意思是模型,形式,或更普遍来说,计划.复数形式是”σχήματα” (skhēmata).在英语中,schemas和schemata用作复数形式.

schema适用于:
模型(抽象)
图表(原理图,一个图表使用抽象图形符号代表一个系统的元素)

在计算机科学中:
XML schema:一种定义结构,内容,在一定程度上,xml文档的语义.
Database schema
Schema(基因演算):一组程序或位元字串,且其具有一些基因相似点;通常由一个模板指定.
image schema:一种空间感觉体验的循环模式
SCHEMA(生物信息学):一种用于蛋白质工程的算法用于鉴定蛋白质片段,并在不干扰蛋白质三维结构完整性的情况下重新组合.

在电子工程中:
电子原理图:电路的接线图.

schema也适用于:
Great Schema:正统修道院制度的一个等级.
Stereotype:一系列相关的行为